Insane
adjective
Commonality score: 2 (common)
Translations
Arabic: مجنون / غير عاقل
Chinese (Mandarin): 疯狂的 (fēngkuáng de)
French: fou / insensé
German: wahnsinnig
Hindi: पागल (paagal)
Japanese: 正気でない (shōki de nai)
Korean: 정신 나간 (jeongsin nagan)
Polish: szalony
Portuguese: insano
Russian: безумный (bezumnyy)
Spanish: loco / insano
Thai: บ้า (bâa)
Turkish: deli / çılgın
Vietnamese: điên rồ
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Definition/s
- Mentally ill; not sane.
- Extremely foolish, irrational, or unreasonable.
- Wildly enthusiastic or intense (informal).
Examples
- After weeks of chaos, he longed for a sane and peaceful routine.
- She made a sane decision to avoid the crowded event.
- He is one of the few sane voices in this heated debate.
Insanely
adverb
Commonality score: 3 (rare)
Translations
Arabic: بجنون
Chinese (Mandarin): 疯狂地 (fēngkuáng de)
French: follement
German: wahnsinnig
Hindi: पागलपन से (paagalpan se)
Japanese: 正気でなく (shōki de naku)
Korean: 미치게 (michige)
Polish: szalenie
Portuguese: insanamente
Russian: безумно (bezumno)
Spanish: locamente
Thai: อย่างบ้าคลั่ง (yang bâa khlâng)
Turkish: delice
Vietnamese: một cách điên rồ
Empty space, drag to resize
Whilst every care has been taken to ensure accuracy, translations could be misleading. Check with your teacher if you are unsure.
Don't see your language? Try Google Translate
Don't see your language? Try Google Translate
Definition/s
- In a way that is mentally unstable or irrational.
- To an extreme or intense degree (informal).
Examples
- He worked insanely hard to meet the deadline.
- The movie was insanely entertaining from start to finish.
- She laughed insanely, unable to control her emotions.
What are Openers?
- Openers are conversation starters you will use to participate in a discussion. They come in three forms:
1. Open Questions
- Ask an open question and understand your conversation partners’s views.
- Make sure to ask follow ups, and remember: this is a conversation, not an interview!
2. Stories
- Tell a personal story. Something that has happened to you, or somebody you know.
- Or tell us about something that you have done or seen.
- Your conversation partners must then follow up with you or reciprocate with their own stories.
3. Opinions
- Share an opinion about something that the content has inspired.
- Respectfully identify any agreement or disagreement there is in the room.
What are Openers?
- Openers are conversation starters you will use to participate in a discussion. They come in three forms:
1. Open Questions
- Ask an open question and understand your conversation partners’s views.
- Make sure to ask follow ups, and remember: this is a conversation, not an interview!
2. Stories
- Tell a personal story. Something that has happened to you, or somebody you know.
- Or tell us about something that you have done or seen.
- Your conversation partners must then follow up with you or reciprocate with their own stories.
3. Opinions
- Share an opinion about something that the content has inspired.
- Respectfully identify any agreement or disagreement there is in the room.
The Skinny
You’ve been asked to brief a senior executive (the “boss”) on a key issue from a recent business news event. This person is busy and relies on you to give them insight, not headlines.
You have 60–90 seconds to deliver a concise, high-value update tailored to their concerns and communication preferences.
1. Read the boss profile carefully.
- Who are they?
- What do they care about?
- What do they not want to hear?
2. Stick to their focus.
- What part of the story matters most to them?
- Don’t explain everything—prioritise.
3. Use business English.
- Be clear, precise, and professional.
- Avoid informal or emotional language.
Two Papal Styles: Clerical vs. Pastoral
Not all popes lead the same way. Some focus more on rules and tradition, while others focus on care and connection. These two styles are often called clerical and pastoral.
Understanding the difference can help us see why Pope Francis felt so different from past leaders—and why some people loved his style while others disagreed with it.
Understanding the difference can help us see why Pope Francis felt so different from past leaders—and why some people loved his style while others disagreed with it.
🟣 Clerical Style
- Focuses on rules, tradition, and Church authority
- Speaks with clear, firm direction
- Keeps strong boundaries between Church leaders and members.
Example: A clerical pope might defend strict Church teachings on family or sacraments.
🟢 Pastoral Style
- Focuses on compassion, listening, and inclusion
- Tries to meet people where they are.
- Emphasises mercy over judgment.
Example: A pastoral pope might welcome divorced people or support migrants and the poor.
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