conviction

• Arabic:الإدانة (legal)قناعة / اعتقاد راسخ (belief)
• Chinese (Mandarin):定罪 (legal)信念 / 坚信 (belief)
• French:condamnation (legal)conviction (belief)
• German:Verurteilung (legal)Überzeugung (belief)
• Hindi:दोषसिद्धि (legal)दृढ़ विश्वास (belief)
• Japanese:有罪判決 (legal)信念 (belief)
• Korean:유죄 판결 (legal)신념 (belief)
• Polish:wyrok skazujący (legal)przekonanie (belief)
• Portuguese:condenação (legal)convicção (belief)
• Russian:осуждение (legal)убеждение (belief)
• Spanish:condena / condenación (legal)convicción (belief)
• Thai:การตัดสินว่ามีความผิด (legal)ความเชื่อมั่น / ความมั่นใจ (belief)
• Turkish:mahkumiyet (legal)inanç / kanaat (belief)
• Vietnamese:kết án (legal)niềm tin vững chắc (belief)

Abstract Noun: "Enforcement" is an abstract noun because it refers to the act or process of compelling compliance with laws, rules, or obligations. It is intangible — a concept tied to authority and regulation, rather than a physical object or person.

It is uncountable: “Enforcement of the new policy will begin next week.”

Formed by adding the suffix -ment (forming nouns of action or state) to the verb enforce, which comes from Old French enforcier, from Latin infortiare, from in- (“in”) + fortis (“strong”).

• The act of compelling observance of or compliance with a law, rule, or obligation.
• The process by which authorities ensure rules or laws are followed.
• The act of making people obey something, especially by using force or legal power.

• Law enforcement officers will monitor compliance with the new regulations.
• The enforcement of traffic laws has reduced accidents.
• Weak enforcement can render even good laws ineffective.